Critical Access Hospitals and Small Rural Hospitals Can Convert to Rural Emergency Hospitals, Allowing Them to Remain Open to Serve Their Communities
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), through its Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), is improving access to health care — including behavioral health services — in rural communities. Reflecting the Biden-Harris Administration’s commitments to advance health equity and to improve the nation’s behavioral health services, CMS is releasing the calendar year (CY) 2023 Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (OPPS) and Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Payment System final rule with comment period. This final rule will allow Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) and small rural hospitals to convert to a Rural Emergency Hospital (REH), which may be a more sustainable option for rural hospitals facing closure and supports access to care in rural and underserved communities. An REH is a new Medicare provider type that furnishes outpatient services, emergency services, and observation care. In this rule, Medicare will also pay hospital outpatient departments to provide remote behavioral health services to people at home, which will improve access to care in rural communities and promote health equity.
“The Biden-Harris Administration continues to take steps to ensure all Americans, regardless of where they live, have access to high-quality, affordable health care, and this is especially important in rural America, where many hospitals have closed over the past two decades,” said HHS Secretary Xavier Becerra. “By helping rural hospitals stay open, we are helping residents of rural areas get the care they need close to home. Having access to care nearby is not only more convenient, but also leads to better health outcomes — and boosts local economies.”
“CMS is committed to expanding access to care in rural communities and ensuring people with Medicare get the high-quality care they need,” said CMS Administrator Chiquita Brooks-LaSure. “Through the establishment of Rural Emergency Hospitals, supporting clinic visits at rural sole community hospitals and enabling people with Medicare to remotely access behavioral health services in their homes, today’s actions promote patient safety, equity, and quality for these underserved communities. We received broad support for the role Rural Emergency Hospitals can play in advancing health equity and thank stakeholders for their thoughtful input during the public comment period.”
“Establishing Rural Emergency Hospitals can help ensure continued access to critical medical facilities in rural communities,” said Deputy Administrator and Director for the Center for Medicare, Dr. Meena Seshamani. “These facilities are often backbones of communities, but maintaining these businesses and keeping doors open can be challenging. Under today’s final rules regarding this new provider type, we hope to preserve and improve access to care in rural areas and take important steps toward advancing health equity nationwide.”
Updates to OPPS and ASC Payment Rates
CMS is updating the CY 2023 OPPS payment rates and ASC payment rates by 3.8%
Rural Emergency Hospitals
CMS is finalizing conditions of participation, payment rates, and Medicare enrollment requirements for Rural Emergency Hospitals, a new type of Medicare provider that Congress created in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021. These policies for the newly created provider type takes effect on January 1, 2023. Rural hospitals are essential for providing health care in their communities, and the closure of these hospitals limits access to care in areas that are often already underserved. The availability of the REH designation will help support access to health care, particularly emergency services and outpatient services. The REH requirements in this final rule establish a full range of health and safety standards, requirements for services offered, staffing requirements, and physical environment and emergency preparedness standards. REHs will receive additional Medicare payments to help maintain access to a wide array of services in rural areas.
Improving Access to Behavioral Health Services in Rural Areas
CMS is establishing a policy that permits clinical staff of hospital outpatient departments to provide behavioral health services remotely to patients in their homes. CMS first implemented this policy through emergency rulemaking in response to the COVID-19 public health emergency. By making this policy permanent, CMS will ensure access to behavioral health services particularly for rural and other underserved communities, furthering health equity goals.
Enhanced Payment for Non-Opioid Pain Management Drugs and Biologicals
Consistent with the CMS opioid strategy, CMS is finalizing to separately pay for five qualifying non-opioid pain management drugs when administered in ambulatory surgical centers in CY 2023. This ensures that Medicare beneficiaries have access to non-opioid pain management drugs and encourages providers to use non-opioids rather than opioids for pain management.
Payment Adjustments for Additional Costs of Domestic NIOSH-Approved N95 Surgical Respirators
In a future pandemic or increase in community spread of COVID-19, hospitals need to be able to access a reliable supply of NIOSH-approved surgical N95 respirators to protect health care workers and their patients. Sustaining domestic production of these products is important for helping to maintain that reliability. CMS recognizes that hospitals may incur additional costs when purchasing domestically made NIOSH-approved surgical N95 respirators, so this final rule establishes additional hospital payments that would account for these costs.
For a fact sheet on the CY 2023 OPPS/ASC Payment System Final Rule (CMS-1772-FC), please visit: https://www.cms.gov/newsroom/fact-sheets/cy-2023-medicare-hospital-outpatient-prospective-payment-system-and-ambulatory-surgical-center-2
For a fact sheet on Rural Emergency Hospitals, please visit: https://www.cms.gov/newsroom/fact-sheets/cy-2023-medicare-hospital-outpatient-prospective-payment-system-and-ambulatory-surgical-center-1
For a CMS blog on the behavioral health polices in the CY 2023 Physician Fee Schedule and Outpatient Prospective Payment System final rules, please visit: https://www.cms.gov/blog/strengthening-behavioral-health-care-people-medicare-0?check_logged_in=1
The CY 2023 OPPS/ASC Payment System Final Rule can be viewed here: https://www.cms.gov/files/document/cy2023-hospital-outpatient-prospective-payment-system-and-ambulatory-surgical-center-final-rule.pdf
